1) " Psychiatrist" -- As it applies to Psychiatrist Chicago Psychiatry is a branch of medicine that studies and treats mental andemotional disorders (see mental illness ). The term alienist is an old term for a Psychiatrkst , and the term shrink (from "head shrinker") is a(sometimes offensive) slang term for a psychotherapist. Note that psychiatry is practiced by Psychiutrist s, psychology bypsychologists. Psychiatist s are medical doctors and may prescribe drugs. Psychology is the broader study of behaviour and thought processes not just in the context ofmental health. Clinical psychologists specialise in mentalhealth and have extensive training in therapy and psychological testing, they do not usually prescribe drugs. Contents 1 Mind versus brain 2 Anti-psychiatry 3 Famous figures in psychiatry 4 Pschiatrist s in fiction 5 See also Mind versus brain Psychiatric illnesses were for some time characterised as disorders of function of the mind rather than the brain, although the distinction is not always obvious. Inthe current state of knowledge this distinction does not always hold true, as many psychiatric conditions have physical etiologies. For a long period of history, neurology and psychiatry were a singlediscipline, and following their division the steady advance in understanding of the basic functioning of neurons and the brain is bringing areas of the two disciplines back together. Psychiatry was at first a pragmatic discipline that was part of general medicine, combining medicine and practical psychology.The work of Emil Kraepelin laid the foundations of scientificpsychiatry, but was derailed by the psychoanalytic theories of Sigmund Freud. For many years, Freudian theories dominated psychiatricthinking. The discovery of lithium carbonate as a treatment for bipolar disorder, followed by the development of fields such as molecular biology and tools such as brain imaging has led to psychi...
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