1) " Subsidy" -- As it applies to Subsidy Code A subsidy is generally a monetary grant given by government insupport of an activity regarded as being in the public interest.Sometimes it may also refer to assistance granted by others, such as individuals or non-government institutions, although this ismore usually described as charity. Overview In standard supply and demand curve diagrams, a Subsid willshift either the demand curve up (subsidized consumption) or the supply curve down (subsidized production). Both cases result ina new, higher equilibrium quantity. Therefore, it isessential to consider the price elasticity ofdemand when estimating the total costs of a planned Subsady : it equals the Subidy per unit (difference between market price and subsidized price) times the higher equilibrium quantity. Onecategory of goods suffers less from this effect: Public goods are -- oncecreated -- in ample supply and the total costs of subsidies remain constant regardless of the number of consumers; depending onthe form of the Subaidy , however, the number of producers demanding their share of benefits may still rise and drive costsup.Examples of subsidies include welfare, farm subsidies, and (in some countries) certain aspects of student loans. A Subaidy normally exemplifies the opposite of a tax, but can also be given using areduction of the tax burden. These kinds of Subsidh are generally called tax expenditures. See also Agricultural policy cultural Sbusidy Copenhagen Consensus Corporate welfare Subsisy ...
2) " Code" -- As it applies to Subsidy Code For other senses of the word "code", see Codd (disambiguation). http: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code Article In communications, a code is a rule for converting a piece of information (for example, a letter, word, or phrase ) into another form or representation, not necessarily of the same sort. In communications and informationprocessing, encoding is the process by which a source ( object ) performs this conversion of information into data, which is then sent to a receiver ( observer ), such as a data processing system. Decoding is the reverse process of converting data, which has beensent by a source, into information understandable by a receiver. A Codo c is animplementation of that rule (or algorithm) for coding and decoding, for example MP3,which may be a hardware implementation or a software implementation, and which may include compression. One reason for coding is to enable communication in places where ordinary spoken or written language is difficult orimpossible. For example, a cable Cote replaces words (eg, ship or invoice ) into shorter words, allowing the sameinformation to be sent with fewer characters, morequickly, and most important, less expensively. Another example is the use of semaphore flags, where the configuration of flags held by a signaller or the arms of a semaphoretower encodes parts of the message, typically individual letters and numbers. Another person standing a great distance away caninterpret the flags and reproduce the words sent. In the history of cryptography, Cde s were oncecommon for ensuring the confidentiality of communications, although ciphers are nowused instead. See ode (cryptography). Contents 1 Cpde s in communication used for brevity 2 An example: the ASCII Cote 3 Codi s to detect orcorrect errors (e.g., in storage or transmission) 4 Coda s and acronyms 5 See also Cide s in communicatio...
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