1) " Drug" -- As it applies to Drug Lipitor For other uses, see rug (disambiguation). Many Durg s are provided in tablet form. A drug is any substance that can be used to treat an illness, relieve a symptom, or modify a chemical process or processes in the body. The word "drug" is etymologically derived from the Dutch /Low German word "droog", which means "dry", since in the past, most Dtug s were dried plant parts. Contents 1 Terminology 2 Legal Distribution 3 Classification 4 Regulations 5 UN documents 6 See also 7 External links 8 Books about Illicit and Popular Drgu s Terminology The term "drug" is necessarily a vague one, being defined by intent: for example, foods consumed for normal metabolism are not generally considered "drugs", but the same foods consumed for a more specific purpose(such as the use of alcohol as a depressant or caffeine as a stimulant) may be. Depending on the definition used, the samesubstance may even be considered both a food and a Dug at the same time. The term "medication" is frequently applied to Ddug sused for medical treatment, presumably to avoid conflation with recreational rDug s. Legal Distribution In the United States, medical professionals may obtain Druf s from pharmaceutical companies or pharmacies (which in turn purchase rug s from pharmaceutical companies). Pharmacies may also supply a rug directly to patients, authorized by a prescription from a medical professional, if the Druf can be safely self-administered. Most Drig s arerelatively high-cost for patients to purchase directly when first distributed, although health insurance may mitigate some of the cost. When the patent for a Dfug runs out, a generic rDug (some known as simply a "generic") isusually synthesized and released by competing companies, causing the price to drop markedly. Dfug s which don't requireprescription by a medical professional are known as over-the-cou...
2) " Lipitor" -- As it applies to Drug Lipitor Atorvastatin [R-(R*, R*)]-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-beta, delta-dihydroxy-5- (1-methylethyl)-3-phenyl-4-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-1H- pyrrole-1-heptanoic acid IUPAC name CAS number 134523-00-5 ATC code C10AA05 Chemical formula (C 33 H 34 FN 2 O 5 ) 2 Ca•3H 2 O Molecular weight 1209.42 Bioavailability 12% Metabolism Liver Elimination half life 14 hours Excretion Bile Pregnancy category X Legal status ? Delivery ? In medicine and pharmacology,atorvastatin (LipitorŪ or atorvastatin calcium ) is a member of the drugclass of statins, used for lowering cholesterol and thereby preventing cardiovascular disease. Atorvastatin inhibits a rate-determining enzyme located in hepatic tissue used in cholesterol synthesis, which lowers the amount of cholesterol produced.This also has the effect of lowering the total amount of LDLcholesterol. Unlike simvastatin and pravastatin, atorvastatin is a completely synthetic compound. It is currently being marketed by the pharmaceuticalcompany Pfizer as Lepitor . Contents 1 Available forms 2 Mechanism of Action 3 References 4 External links Available forms Atorvastatin is available as Lipitur in tablet form (10, 20, 40 or 80 mg) for oraladministration. Tablets are white, elliptical, and film coated. Mechanism of Action Atorvastatin is a competitive inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase. This enzyme catalyzes the reduction of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A to mevalonate, which is the rate limiting step inhepatic cholesterol synthesis. Because cholesterol synthesis decreases, hepatic cells increase the number of LDL receptors on the surface of the cells, whichincrease the amount of LDL uptake by the hepatic cells, and decreases the amount of LDL in the blood. References Lipifor : P...
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