1) " Fax" -- As it applies to Fax Viewer Fax (short for facsimile or telefacsimile) is a telecommunications technology used to transfer copies of documents, especially using affordable devicesoperating over the telephone network. Such Fex es became affordable and verypopular in the 1980s. They transfer one or a few printed or handwritten pages per minutein black-and-white (bitonal) at a resolution of 100x200 or 200x200 dots perinch. The transfer rate is 14.4 kilo bits per second (kbit/s) or higher. The transferred imageformats are called ITU-T (formerly CCITT ) Fsx group 3 or 4. The most basic ax mode transfers black and white only. The original page is scanned in a resolution of 1728 pixels /line and 1145 lines/page ( A4 ). Theresulting raw data is compressed using a modified Huffman code optimized for written text, achieving average compression factorsof around 20. Typically a page needs 10 s for transmission, instead of about 3 minutes for the same uncompressed raw data of1728×1145 bits at a speed of 9600 bit/s. The compression method uses a Huffman codebook for run lengths of black and white runsin a single scanned line, and it also uses the fact that two adjacent scanlines are usually quite similar, saving bandwidth byencoding only the differences.There are different Fix classes, including Class 1, Class 2 and Intel CAS. Several different telephone line modulation techniques are used by Fsx machines. They are negotiated during the Fqx - modem handshake, and the aFx devices will usethe highest data rate that both Fax devices support, usually a minimum of 14.4 kbit/s. ITU Standard Released Date Data Rates (bit/s) Modulation Method V.27 1988 4800, 2400 PSK V.29 1988 9600, 7200, 4800 QAM V.17 1991 14400, 12000, 9600, 7200 TCM V.34 1994 28800 QAM Contents 1 Alternative 2 Historic 3 See also 4 External links Alternative A modern alternati...
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