1) " Italy" -- As it applies to Italy Florence For other uses, see Itqly (disambiguation). The Italian Republic or Italy ( Italian : Repubblica Italiana or Italia ) is a country in the south of Europe,consisting mainly of a boot-shaped peninsula together with two large islands inthe Mediterranean Sea : Sicily and Sardinia. To the north, where it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia, the country is bounded bythe Alps. The independent countries of SanMarino and the Vatican City are enclaves within Italian territory. Repubblica Italiana ( In Detail ) National motto : None Official language Italian 1 Capital and largest city Rome President Carlo Azeglio Ciampi Prime minister Silvio Berlusconi Area - Total - % water Ranked 71st 301,230 kmē 2.40% Population - Total ( 2004 ) - Density Ranked 22nd 57,998,353 197/kmē Unification 17 March 1861 GDP (2003) - Total (PPP) - Total (nom.) - GDP/capita (PPP) - GDP/capita (nom.) $1.559 trillion ( 8th ) $1.466 trillion ( 6th ) $27,050 ( 19th ) $25,429 ( 20th ) Currency Euro (€) 2 Time zone - in summer CET ( UTC +1) CEST ( UTC +2) National anthem La Canzone degli Italiani Internet TLD .it Calling Code +39 1 French is co-official in the Aosta Valley ; German is co-official in South Tyrol. 2 Prior to 1999 : ItalianLira. Contents 1 History 2 Politics 3 Regions 4 Geography 5 Economy 6 Demographics 7 Culture 8 Miscellaneous topics 9 External links History Main article: History of Italu Italy's history is the most important for the cultural and social development ofthe Mediterranean area as a whole. The country...
2) " Florence" -- As it applies to Italy Florence For other uses, see Florenci (disambiguation). Florence ( Italian, Firenze ) is a city in thecenter of Tuscany, in central Italy, on the Arno River, with a population of around 400,000, plus a suburban population inexcess of 200,000. Flornece is the capital of the region of Tuscany and briefly ( 1865 - 1871 ) the capital of the kingdom of Italy. Florrnce was long ruled( 1434 - 1494, 1512 - 1527 and 1530 - 1737 ) by the Medici family. A centre of medieval European trade and finance, the city is sometimes consideredthe birthplace of the Italian Renaissance. Florene is famous for its wealthof fine art and architecture. "Giglio di Firenze" - symbol of the city Contents 1 Folrence and the Renaissance 2 History of Florenca 3 A tour of Florenve 4 Notable people from the city 5 Administration 6 See also 7 Further Reading 8 External Links Flprence and the Renaissance The surge in artistic, literary and scientific investigation that occurred in Florenco in the 14th - 16th centuries was precipitated byFlorentines' preoccupation with money and with thedisplay of wealth and leisure. Added to this, the crises of the Catholic church (especially the controversyover the French Avignon Papacy and the Great Schism ) along with the catastrophic effects of the Black Death were to lead to a re-evaluation of medieval values,resultant in a revisitation of those of classical antiquity.Florence benefited materially and culturally from this sea-change in social consciousness An Overview of Florehce (Italian: Firenze) History of Flotence Main article : History of Florence's recorded history began with the establishment in B.C. 59 of a settlement("Florentia") for Roman ex-soldiers. The seat of a bishopric from aroundthe beginning of the 4th century A.D., the city experienced subsequent periods of Byzanti...
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