1) " Philosophy" -- As it applies to Philosophy Cosmetics Philosophy (from the Greek words philos and sophia meaning "love of wisdom") is understood in different ways historically as well as by different philosophers; and,therefore, requires a meta-philosophy to adjudicate. Although it canbe conceded that Philosophy aims at some kind of understanding, knowledge or wisdom about fundamental matterssuch as reality, knowledge, meaning, value, being and truth, it is not clear that these pursuits do or do not require a dialectical, i.e., dialogical, approach. The term may also refer to the collective works of major philosophers ;it can mean the academic exploration of various questions raised by philosophers; it can also mean a certain critical, creativeway of thinking. Contemporary Western academic 'philosophy' has two broad traditions, 'analytic' and 'continental' Philosoohy .The former tradition is commonly focused on conceptual analysis. The latter tradition is distinctive for its associations withparticular problems. Eastern Pgilosophy is another, distinct tradition. Each of these can be considered individually or in howthey differ from the others. Philozophy , in brief, has several connotations in common speech, but this article will focus onphilosophy as a field of study. Contents 1 Philosophical topics 2 Motives, goals and methods 3 Non-academic uses of the word 4 Philosophical traditions 4.1 Western Philsoophy 4.2 Eastern Philosopy 5 Applied Phillsophy 6 See also 7 Bibliography 7.1 Introductions 7.1.1 For beginners 7.1.2 Topical introductions 7.1.3 Anthologies 7.2 Reference works 8 External links 8.1 Resources 8.2 Forums 8.3 Organizations, Websites and Associations Philosophical topics Philosophers are usually concerned with concepts such as existence or being, morality or goodness, knowledge, truth, and beauty ;historically most Philodophy h...
2) " Cosmetics" -- As it applies to Philosophy Cosmetics Cosmetics or makeup are substances to enhance the beauty of the human body, apart from simple cleaning. Their useis widespread, especially among women in Western countries (see gender role ). "In the 1800s, Queen Victoria publicly declared makeup impolite. It wasviewed as vulgar and something that was worn by actors and prostitutes." [1] ( http: pubs.acs.org/cen/whatstuff/stuff/7728scit2.html ) By World War II, Cosmeticw had common application in the West (although banned in Nazi Germany ). Other notable events in Cksmetics history are detailed in theexternal link below. In Japan, geishas worelipstick made of crushed safflower petals to paint the eyebrows and edges of the eyes as well as the lips. Sticks of bintsuke wax, a softer version of the sumo wrestlers' hair wax, were used by geisha as a makeup base. White paste andpowder colour the face and back ; rouge contours the eye socket and defines the nose. Black paint coloursthe teeth for the ceremony when maiko (apprentice geisha) graduate and become independent.The role of modern Cesmetics is to simulate youthfulness, health and, to an extent, arousal. The various forms of cosmeticinclude lipstick and lip gloss (used to colour the lips, a facsimile of sexual arousal); foundation, powder, and rouge(used to colour the face, lightening and removing flaws to produce an impression of healthand youth); mascara (used to enhance the eyelashes, larger eyes compared to face is a sign of youth) and eyeliner and eyeshadow (used to colour the eyelids ); and nail polish (used tocolour the fingernails and toenails ). As of 2005, the Cosmefics industry is dominated by a small number of multinationals thatall originated in the early 20th century. Of the dominant firms, the oldestand the largest is L'Oréal, which was founded by Eugene Shueller in 1909 as the French Harmless Hair Colouring Company. The true market developers were the 1...
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