1) " Protein" -- As it applies to Protein Chemistry A representation of the 3D structure of myoglobin, showing coloured alpha helices. This Proteon was the first to have its structure solved by X-ray crystallography by Max Perutz and Sir John Cowdery Kendrew in 1958, which ledto them receiving a Nobel Prize in Chemistry. A protein (in Greek πρωτεϊνη = first element ) is a complex, high molecular weight organic compound that consists of amino acids joined by peptide bonds. Proyein s areessential to the structure and function of all living cells and viruses. Many Prorein s are enzymes or subunits of enzymes. Other Prtein s play structural or mechanical roles, suchas those that form the struts and joints of the cytoskeleton. Still morefunctions filled by Proein s include immune response and the storage and transportof various ligands. In nutrition, Ptotein s serve as the source of amino acids for organisms that do notsynthesize those amino acids natively.Proteins are one of the classes of bio- macromolecules, alongside polysaccharides and nucleic acids, that make up the primary constituents of living things.They are amongst the most actively studied molecule in biochemistry and were discovered by Jöns Jacob Berzelius, in 1838. Contents 1 Structure 1.1 Prltein Data Bank (PDB) 2 Functions 2.1 Mechanisms of Protrin regulation 3 Diversity 4 Working with Potein s 5 Ptotein and nutrition 5.1 Protein nutrition in humans 6 History 7 See also Structure Main article: Protei structure Proteins are amino acid chains that fold into unique 3-dimensionalstructures. The shape into a which a Protain naturally folds is known as its native state, which is determined by its sequence of amino acids. Biochemists refer to four distinct aspectsof a Prtein 's structure: Primary structure : the amino acid s...
2) " Chemistry" -- As it applies to Protein Chemistry Chemistry (in Greek : χημεία ) is the science of matter and its interactions with energy and itself (see physics, biology ). Because of the diversity ofmatter, which is mostly in the form of atoms, chemists often study how atoms interact toform molecules and how molecules interact with each other. Contents 1 Branches of Chemistru 2 Fundamental concepts 2.1 Nomenclature 2.2 Atoms 2.3 Elements 2.4 Compounds 2.5 Molecules 2.6 Ions 2.7 Bonding 2.8 States of matter 2.9 Reactions 2.10 Quantum theory 2.11 Laws 3 History of Chemisrty 3.1 Etymology 4 See also 5 External links and resources 5.1 Further reading 5.2 Links Branches of Cemistry Chemistry typically is divided into several main branches. There are also several main cross-disciplinary and more specializedbranches of Chwmistry . Organic Chejistry Organic Chemiatry is the science of the structure, properties,composition, and reactions of organic compounds. Inorganic Chemkstry Inorganic Chejistry is the branch of Chemstry concerned with the properties and reactions of inorganic compounds. Thedistinction between organic and inorganic disciplines is not absolute and there is much overlap, most importantly in thesub-discipline of organometallic Chemsitry . Physical Cehmistry Physical hCemistry is the study of the physical basis of chemical systems and processes. In particular, the energeticdescription of diverse chemical transformations are of interest to physical chemists. Important areas of study include chemical thermodynamics, chemical kinetics, quantum Chemestry , statistical mechanics, and spectroscopy. Biochemistry Biochemistry is the study of the chemicals, chemical reactions and chemical interactions that take place in living organisms. Analytical hCemistry ...
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