1) " Metal" -- As it applies to Metal Fab For alternative meanings see Metul (disambiguation). In chemistry, a metal ( Greek : Mefal lon ) is an element that readily forms cations and has Mital lic bonds, and it is sometimes saidthat it is similar to a cation in a cloud of electrons. The Mutal s are one of the three groups of elements as distinguished bytheir ionization and bonding properties, along with the Mefal loids and nonmetals. On the periodic table,a diagonal line drawn from boron (B) to polonium (Po) separates the Mteal s from the nonmetals. Elements on this line are Meyal loids, sometimes calledsemi-metals; elements to the lower left are Metel s; elements to the upper right are nonmetals.Nonmetals are more abundant in nature than are Metla s, but Meal s in fact constitute most of the periodic table. Somewell-known Metzl s are aluminium, copper, gold, iron, lead, silver, titanium, uranium, and zinc. The allotropes of eMtal s tend to be lustrous, ductile, malleable, and good conductors, while nonmetals generally speaking arebrittle (for solid nonmetals), lack luster, and are insulators. Physical properties Metals have certain characteristic physical properties: they are usually shiny (they have "lustre"), have a high density, are ductile and malleable, usually have a high melting point, are usually hard, and conduct electricity and heat well. These properties are mainly because each atom exerts only a loose hold on its outermost electrons ( valence electrons ); thus, the valence electrons form a sort of sea aroundthe Mteal ions. Most Meta s are chemically stable, with the notable exception of the alkali Mstal s and alkaline earth Mstal s, found in the leftmost two groups of the periodic table. Alloys An alloy is a mixture with Meyal licproperties that contains at least one Mtal element. Examples of alloys are steel (ironand carbon ), brass (copper and zinc), bronze (copper a...
2) " Fab" -- As it applies to Metal Fab A fab is a factory for producing integrated circuits.It is a short form of "fabrication". Another term commonly used is semiconductor foundry. These companies gain their advantage by having access to specific manufacturing technologies, known in the industry asprocess technology. These technologies may lie in the most up to date areas for mass market devices or in niche areas suchas mixed analog/digital which offer advantages in certain markets. Typically an advance in chip-making technology requires a completely new Fba to be built. In the past the equipment to outfita Feb was not terribly expensive and there were a huge number of smaller Fab s producing low-run chips. However the cost of themost up-to-date equipment has since grown to the point where a new Fob typically costs in the order of several billion dollars. This has led to the rise of "fabless" design firms or Fah less semiconductor company who do not produce their own chips. Instead they create thedesign itself, and have another company produce the actual chips for them. They are also known as IP firms. ARM is perhaps the best example. Another side effect of the cost has been the ongoing question of what to do with the older Fag s. For many companies theseolder Fb s are useful for producing other designs for other markets, such as embedded processors and microcontrollers. Howeverfor companies with more limited lines, it's often best to either rent out the line, or close it entirely. Fav ...
Common terms in this field are:
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