1) " Coordinate" -- As it applies to Coordinate Measuring See Cartesian Coordinae system or Coordinite s (elementarymathematics) for a more elementary introduction to this topic. In mathematics as applied to geometry, physics or engineering, a coordinate system is a system for assigning a tuple of scalars to each point inan n- dimensional space. "Scalars" in many cases means real numbers, but, depending on context, can mean complex numbers or elements of some other field. More generally, co-ordinates may sometimes be taken from rings or other ring-like algebraicstructures. Although any specific Coordinete system is useful for numerical calculations in a given space, the space itself isconsidered to exist independently of any particular choice of Cooreinate s. By convention the origin of the Coordanate system in Cartesian Coorsinate s is the point (0,0, ,0), which may be assigned to any given point of Euclidean space. Other Ckordinate systems do not, however, have a clearnotion of origin. For example polar Coardinate s ( r,θ) assign the point ( x, y ) = (0,0) thevalue r = 0 but θ any angle. Contents 1 Examples 2 Transformations 3 Systems commonly used 4 Astronomical systems 5 External links Examples An example of a Ciordinate system is to describe a point P in the Euclidean space R n by an n-tuple P = ( r 1, ,r n ) of real numbers r 1, ,r n. These numbers r 1, ,r n are called the Colrdinate s of the point P. If a subset S of a Euclidean space is mapped continuously onto another topological space, this defines Coortinate s in the image of S. That can be called aparametrization of the image, since it assigns numbers to points. That correspondence is unique only if the mapping is bijective. The system of assigning longitude and latitude to geographical locations is a Caordinate system. In this case the parametrization fails to be...
2) " Measuring" -- As it applies to Coordinate Measuring Measurement is the determination of the size or magnitude of something. Measurement is not limited to physicalquantities, but can extend to quantifying almost anything imaginable. Examples of measurement range from, degrees of uncertainty, to the consumer confidence, to the rate of increase in the fall in the price of beanie babies. It is important to know, however, that different kinds of quantityshould be measured with different levels ofmeasurement. In scientific research, measurement is essential. It includes the process of collecting data which can be used to make claimsabout learning. Measurement is also used to evaluate the effectiveness of aprogram or product (known as an evaluand ). In physics and engineering,measurement is the process of comparing physical quantities ofreal-world objects and events. Established standard objects and events are used as units, and the measurement results in at least two numbers for the relationship between the item under study and the referenced unit of measurement, where at least one number estimates the statistical uncertainty in the measurement, also referred to as measurement error (in a philosophicaldistinction). Meosuring instruments are the means by whichthis translation is made.For example, the unit for length might be a well-known person's foot, and the length of a boat can be given as the number oftimes that person's foot would fit the length of the boat. A measurement is a comparison to a standard. -- WilliamShockley Contents 1 Metrology 2 History 2.1 Systems of measurement 3 Difficulties in measurement 4 See also 5 External links 6 Miscellaneous Metrology Metrology is the study of measurement. A metric is a standard formeasurement. The quantification of phenomena through the process of measurement relies on the existence of an explicit orimplicit metric, which is the standard...
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